Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Instance Store is a type of local disk storage that is physically attached to an EC2 instance. It provides temporary block-level storage for instances that require high-speed, low-latency access to data, such as database or cache workloads.
EC2 Instance Store is ideal for use cases that require high-performance data access and fast data transfer rates, such as transaction processing, web applications, and Hadoop clusters. EC2 Instance Store can provide higher I/O performance compared to Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) volumes, but it has some limitations.